• Co-ordinates: 34°34′N 135°46′E
• Island: Honshu
• Region: Kansai
• Capital: Nara

• See also: Yamato Province
  
• See also: List of Prefectures.

Nara Prefecture

Nara Prefecture (奈良県 – Nara-ken) is located on the island of Honshu. As a land-locked Prefecture it is bordered on all sides. Kyoto Prefecture to the North, Mie to the West, Wakayama on its southern border; and Osaka Prefecture to the west.

Geography

Rivers:

The principal rivers of the prefecture are the Yoshinogawa, Yamatogawa and Totsugawa

Mountains:

Aside from the Nara Basin which can be found to the north, and the Yamato Kōgen highlands,  mountains encompass most of Nara. Along the west, the Ikoma and Kongō mountains are located, with the Kii Mountains found to the south.¹ The three mountains collectively known as Yamato Sanzan can be found here. Traditionally one is said to have descended from Heaven², and another to be the mountain where the first Emperor, Jimmu, was buried..¹ The religion of Shugendo is said to have been founded on Mount Katsuragi by En no Ozunu.⁴ Mount Miwa is also found here and has connections to the kami Ōkuninushi.²

Tectonic Plates:

The Median Tectonic Line run through the centre of the Prefecture towards the east and west along the Yoshinogawa..¹

History

Evidence of habitation during the Jōmon period (c.10,000-300BC) and suceeding Yayoi Period (c.300BC-300AD) has shown people to have farmed here for more than 2000 years.

Betwen the 4th and 7th centuried this area was the centre of the Yamato Court, and when the Kokugen System came into effect this area became known as Yamato Province. The city of Nara, then known as Heijōkyō was the capital of Japan up until 784 when it was moved to Nagaokakyō.

The area served for a brief time as the centre for poitical power during the time of the Northern and Southern Courts between 1337 and 1392.

Its borders were officially established in 1887.¹

Farming

Tea is grown on the higlands of the Yamato Kōgen, and persimmons are cultivated in the valley where the Yoshinogawa flows..¹

Points of Interest

The oldest road, in Japan, known as the Yamanobe no Michi, can be found in the east of the Nara Basin. The Yoshino-Kumano National Park can also be found here. In addition, a tomb called the Takamatsuzuka Tomb, dating to around 700AD can be found in the village of Asuka.¹

Yōkai

The Yōkai known as the Gagoze is said to have lived in the temple of Gango-ji in Nara City, with Kasuga Taisha being reported to have been built by the creatures known as the Hyōsube.³

Footnotes

1. Kodansha. (1993) ”Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia”. Tokyo: Kodansha Ltd.
2. Yasumaro. O, translated by Gustav Heldt. (2014) “Kojiki. An Account of Ancient Matters”. New York: Columbia University Press.
3. Yoda, H. and Alt, M. (2016) “Japandemonium: Illustrated: The Yokai Encyclopaedia of Toriyama Sekien.”. New York: Dover Publications, Inc.
4. Yoda, H & Alt, M. (2012) “Ninja Attack: True Tales of Assassins, Samurai and Outlaws” Tokyo: Tuttle Publishing.

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• Co-ordinates: : 32°58′N 129°48′E
• Island: Kyushu
• Region: Kyushu Region
• Capital: Nagasaki

• See also: Iki Province, Tsushima Province, Hizen Province.
• See also: List of Prefectures.

Nagasaki Prefecture

Nagasaki Prefecture (長崎県 – Nagasaki-ken) is located on the island of Kyushu. It is bordered by the Genkai Sea and Tsushima Strait on its northern edge, by Saga Prefecture and the Ariake Sea on its east, the Amakusa Sea on the south and the East China Sea on the west. It’s capital city is called Nagasaki.

Establishment

After the Taika Reforms in AD645, and the establishment of the ritsuryō system, this area was split into several different provinces. The island of Iki and Tsushima became island Provinces, and the prefectures peninsula area became Hizen Province. Nagasaki Prefecture’s present boundaries were established in 1833 after the Meiji Restoration.

History

This area was long known for its connections to the outside world and it is this prefecture where Christian Missionaries first began to visit Japan after the arrival of St. Francis Xavier in 1550 in Hirado. Eventually this led to the Shimbara Uprising in the Shimbara Peninsula in 1637 which followed from Christian oppression by the Tokugawa Shogunate.¹

Islands in this Prefecture

• Chikanoshima
• Futagonoshima
• Hiradoshima
• Ikinoshima
• Tsushima

Footnotes

1. Kodansha. (1993) ”Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia”. Tokyo: Kodansha Ltd.

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• See also: Etchū Province.
• See also: List of Prefectures.

Toyama Prefecture

Toyama Prefecture (富山県 – Toyama-ken) is located in central Honshu, with its capital city being Toyama. It is bordered on the north by the Sea of Japan, Nagano and Niigata Prefectures on its east, Gifu on the south and Ishikawa on the west.

Establishment

The present name for this prefecture began in 1871, with its current borders established in 1883. Historically it was known as Etchū Province, created by the Taika Reforms in AD645.¹

Footnotes

1. Kodansha. (1993) ”Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia”. Tokyo: Kodansha Ltd.

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